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In the Hedgehog signaling pathway cholesterol is required to
2022-03-17

In the Hedgehog signaling pathway, cholesterol is required to activate SMO (Cooper et al., 2003), the downstream target of PTCH1. A previous study (Bidet et al., 2011) reported that Patched expression in yeast GSK503 increased extrusion of a fluorescent boron dipyromethanene sterol derivative (BODI
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The vessel wall protein collagen which becomes exposed
2022-03-16

The vessel wall protein collagen, which becomes exposed to circulating platelets after vascular injuries, is a very strong platelet agonist. It stimulates all relevant platelet activation steps predominantly via the GPVI/FcRγ-chain receptor complex through an immunoreceptor tyrosine-based activation
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AFB Fapy dG has been long recognized as a substrate
2022-03-16

AFB1-Fapy-dG has been long recognized as a substrate for nucleotide excision repair [24,25]. However, we recently demonstrated that this lesion is removed by fexofenadine hydrochloride excision repair. We showed that DNA glycosylase NEIL1, a member of the Fpg/Nei glycosylase family, could excise AFB
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Finally the formation of a regular
2022-03-16

Finally, the formation of a regular network of fusion glycoproteins in their post-fusion state is not exclusive of vesiculovirus G. More or less regular networks have been also observed with other class III fusion glycoproteins such as pseudorabies gB [85] and several class II fusion glycoproteins [
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Insulin de sensitization has been observed in the brains
2022-03-16

Insulin de-sensitization has been observed in the brains of people with AD [51], [52], [53] and we previously demonstrated that the GLP-1 analogue liraglutide was able to reverse this [54]. Importantly, Bicalutamide insulin de-sensitization correlates well with cognitive decline [15], [55] and with
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We are aware that the
2022-03-16

We are aware that the classical biochemical view is centered on the local concentrations of specific ion and molecules rather than on cell electric potentials. However, important downstream processes can be influenced by acting locally on these potentials because they regulate the conductance of the
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Our own search towards aryl imidazole derived GSMs
2022-03-16

Our own search towards aryl-imidazole derived GSMs led to the discovery of the benzimidazole derivative (). It is one of the most potent GSMs to date, suffering however from sub-optimal drug-like properties. More recently, we have described the design and synthesis of bicyclic triazolo-derivatives,
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The first GSM was identified from
2022-03-16

The first GSM was identified from the discovery of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). An amyloid reducing GSM that also suppresses inflammation is desirable. Inflammatory response is an invariable characteristic of AD pathogenesis, in part triggered by Aβ. During AD onset and progressio
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Galanin a amino acid peptide was first isolated in
2022-03-16

Galanin, a 29/30-amino-acid peptide, was first isolated in 1983 from porcine intestine by Tatemoto and collaborators [70]. It is widely distributed throughout the central and peripheral nervous systems as well as other tissues. It is involved in a wide range of physiological functions, such as modul
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The synthesis of compounds and were achieved
2022-03-16

The synthesis of compounds and were achieved according to standard procedures. As shown in , The compound 4-methyl-1-(4-sulfobutyl)quinolonium () was prepared by alkylation reaction. Compounds and were synthesized by substitution reactions between 4-fluorobenzaldehyde and , , '-trimethylethanediamin
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It has been reported that the FDP synthase in Hevea
2022-03-15

It has been reported that the FDP synthase in Hevea latex has a major role to produce the starter substrate FPP for the prenyl chain elongation in natural rubber biosynthesis (Takaya et al., 2003). Accumulation of HbFDP mRNA transcripts in different tissue types including latex (natural rubber) prod
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In recent years the Hippo signaling pathway
2022-03-15

In recent years, the Hippo signaling pathway has emerged as an important regulator balancing cell proliferation and differentiation [[5], [6], [7]]. The pathway components, first described in the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster, are highly conserved across different phyla [6]. The signaling pathwa
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Introduction Cancer has been a significant
2022-03-15

Introduction Cancer has been a significant public health problem in the world with more patients being diagnosed every year. However, chemotherapy from non-specific cytotoxic agents that as an effective means of cancer treatment is limited by severe side effects and poor selectivity. Thus, the deve
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In the H NMR spectrum two
2022-03-15

In the 1H NMR spectrum two pairs of doublet resonances arising from the protons in the aromatic moiety of the two diastereoisomers can be readily observed around 7.5–7.6 ppm. These resonances can be used to detect and quantify the two diastereoisomers. From the results presented in Fig. 1A it can be
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br GPR a G protein coupled receptor GPCR was discovered
2022-03-15

GPR35, a G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR), was discovered and classified as an orphan GPCR in 1998 and deorphanized in 2006 by the discovery of kynurenic AC220 inhibitor australia as the endogenous agonist. Since its discovery, limited references on the GPR35 receptor have appeared, due in part t
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