• Adenosine receptors activate a number of signalling pathways

  2023-07-24

  

  Adenosine receptors activate a number of signalling pathways involved in tissue survival including several mitogen-activated protein kinases (Fredholm et al., 2001). The common feature of all adenosine receptors is the positive coupling to ERK1/2, whilst A2B and A3 receptors can also activate the st

• br Aurora kinases br Wnt

  2023-07-21

  

  Aurora kinases Wnt signaling pathway The signal transduction pathway of Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway plays an important role in embryogenesis to control cell differentiation and tumorigenesis [39]. A recent report indicates that 90% of colorectal cancer occur due to the activation of the Wn

• br Author contributions br Acknowledgments TJC KW and

  2023-07-21

  

  Author contributions Acknowledgments TJC, KW, and VG are supported by awards made to MJN: a Consolidator Grant from the European Research Council under Grant no. 311336; a University Research Fellowship from the Royal Society, and a Career Development Award from the Human Frontiers Science Pro

• Pioglitazone The allosteric site of class C receptors is gen

  2023-07-21

  

  The allosteric site of class C receptors is generally located on the extracellular side of the TM domain (Brauner-Osborne et al., 2007, Christopher et al., 2015, Dore et al., 2014, Gregory et al., 2011, Harpsoe et al., 2017, Kniazeff et al., 2011, Pin and Prezeau, 2007, Urwyler, 2011, Wu et al., 201

• The objectives of this study were

  2023-07-21

  

  The objectives of this study were to investigate 1) the mRNA and protein expression of apelin and APJ in porcine ovarian follicles of different sizes, and their immunolocalization and concentrations in follicular fluid and ovarian follicle, and 2) the direct effect of recombinant human apelin-13 on

• Reactive oxygen species is an aspect

  2023-07-21

  

  Reactive oxygen species is an aspect of oxidative stress which are associated with many diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis, diabetes, inflammation, atherosclerosis and cancers (Collins, 2005; Halliwell, 1994). Thus, the need for naturally occurring antioxidants is of crucial importance. Some biop

• Plant tissues were thought to be

  2023-07-21

  

  Plant tissues were thought to be natural sources containing different types of antioxidant compounds (tocopherols, ascorbic acid, carotenoids, and phenolic compounds). As a general classification, antioxidants were grouped as vitamins (ascorbic acid, tocopherols), carotenoids (condensed tannins, xan

• In order to further explore whether the

  2023-07-21

  

  In order to further explore whether the cytoprotective effect of isogarcinol against oxidative stress in H2O2-induced HepG2 opioid receptor is a consequence of the breakdown of the endogenous antioxidant defence mechanism, we measured the LDH release, MDA levels, GSH levels and SOD activity. A larg

• We have shown that an extensive region

  2023-07-21

  

  We have shown that an extensive region in SERBP1 (amino acids 354 to 474, using co-ordinates based on the full-length isoform, Figs. 1a and 2) is necessary for it to interact with RACK1; since this region has substantial homology to the corresponding region of HABP1 (Fig. 3) it is a reasonable hypot

• br Acknowledgments br Introduction Angiotensin II

  2023-07-21

  

  Acknowledgments Introduction Angiotensin II (AngII) is among the most potent vasoactive substances produced in humans. Its effects are numerous, from vasoconstriction to control of fluid and electrolytes balances. Many of the physiological and pathological effects of AngII are mediated by the

• Detailed analysis of the dose dependence of A

  2023-07-21

  

  Detailed analysis of the dose dependence of Aβ effects revealed that at low amounts, Aβ can also act as a positive regulator of presynaptic activity, enhancing the neurotransmitter release probability and increasing the neuronal excitability [2]. The facilitator effects of low Aβ dose on excitatory

• br Acknowledgments and Disclosures br Alzheimer s disease as

  2023-07-21

  

  Acknowledgments and Disclosures Alzheimer's disease as a synaptic pathology Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a chronic neurodegenerative PTC-209 disorder and the most common cause of dementia in the elderly. Progressive depositions of amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles together with degen

• br Materials and methods br Results br

  2023-07-21

  

  Materials and methods Results Discussion Intracellular metabolic pathways of sugar, such as glycolysis and TCA cycle, provide material and energy for the synthesis of other substances, including amino acids. Thus, the content of sugars and their metabolic pathways are important for amino ca

• br Neurological development and BCAAs

  2023-07-21

  

  Neurological development and BCAAs Glutamate is an important excitatory neurotransmitter in the brain, and BCAAs (especially leucine) function to synthesize glutamate in astrocytes around neurons, since leucine enters the brain from the blood more rapidly than other jtc motors receptor and provi

• Boc-Phe-Osu Despite extensive studies on the expression of

  2023-07-21

  

  Despite extensive studies on the expression of T. pallidum-induced pro-inflammatory cytokines, very little is known about T. pallidum-mediated intracellular signaling pathway activation, that leads to cytokine expression in macrophages. A network of signaling molecules, transcription factors, epigen

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